Susceptibility of cultivars to biotic stresses intechopen. Contribution to the knowledge of the biology of the spilocaea oleagina,1966,327 339. Olive leaf spot caused by the fungus, spilocaea oleagina, is the most important leaf disease of olives in many olivegrowing regions. In both experiments, 1 week before the inoculation with v. This book is terrific, goes through biology and physiology with carefully organized chapters. The different susceptibility of olive cultivars to knot disease has been observed by several authors. Pathobiology summarizes the state of knowledge, major advances, and important problems in crustacean diseases. College of agricultural sciences and technology, palestine technical university kadoorie ptuk. Peacock leaf spot, sometimes also referred to as olive scab, olive leaf spot or cycloconium leaf spot, is one of the most common diseases of olive olea europaea trees worldwide obanor et al. Spilocaea oleagina, olivetree scab neves evaristo f. This booklet on the protection of olive crops in portugal contains 6 chapters comprising. Then pick an article or two from the list that interests you.
Epidemiology of leaf spot of olive tree caused by spilocaea oleagina in southern spain article pdf available in acta horticulturae 474474. Peacock spot, spilocaea oleagina, disease prevalence, disease severity, iran. Microscopic study showed that the mycelium propagated and passed from one element to another through the pit. Phylogeny of the fungus spilocaea oleagina, the causal agent of peacock leaf spot in olive. Due to increasing labour costs of harvesting of olives, the worldwide olive industry, including algeria, is moving towards easily mechanized planting systems i. The brown, bottleshaped perithecia contain a few brown, ovoid, doublewalled spores. Although the disease has been recognised in mediterranean areas for over a century, little is known about the specific conditions that favour its biology.
Books are not going to be as uptodate as articles because they take longer to publish. Effects of temperature, inoculum concentration, leaf age. The fungal diversity associated with leaves, flowers and fruits of olive olea europaea was investigated in different phenological stages may, june, october and december using an implemented metabarcoding approach. Frontiers biology and epidemiology of venturia species. Browning of the root tips cryptoascus oligosporus causes death of the rootlets. Symptoms are mainly confined to leaves and appear as dark brown, circular, zonate spots surrounded by. Biology and epidemiology of venturia species affecting. Full length article resistance of olive tree to spilocaea. The fungus spilocaea oleagina causes peacock leaf spot in olive. See more ideas about biology, teaching biology and science. Recents works that used both morphological and molecular characters concluded.
The effect of leaf age on severity was not significantly different p 0788 among repeated experiments. Olive leaf spot caused by the fungus, spilocaea oleagina, is the most important leaf disease of olives in many olivegrowing regions worldwide with yield losses of up to 20%. A longterm study on the effect of agroclimatic variables. The results show that the architecture presented in this paper significantly decreases the. Choose a topic area that interests you from the choices under your subject i. In this study, investigations were carried out to measure the incidence % infected leaves and severity number of lesionsleaf of ols in olive growing regions in palestine, including the regions of hebron, bethlehem, tulkarm, salfit, jenin, nablus, ramallah and. Latent infection of olive leaf spot disease on palestinian.
Briefly, the plant material was digested in nitric acid 33% under high pressure in a. One of the major problems threatening the young new zealand olive industry is olive leaf spot ols, also called peacock spot, caused by a fungus, spilocaea oleagina. Olive scab caused by the mitosporic fungus spilocaea oleagina is the most important foliar disease of olive. Books are usually about broader topics than articles, so you may need to broaden your search terms ex instead of texting perhaps search for cell phone use. The effects of temperature, relative humidity rh, leaf wetness and leaf age on conidium germination were investigated for spilocaea oleagina, the causal organism of olive leaf spot. Symptoms of olive leaf spot disease on infected olive leaves source. Aug 31, 2000 bryophyte biology provides a comprehensive yet succinct overview of the morphology, systematics, ecology, and evolution of hornworts, liverworts, and mosses. A longterm study on the effect of agroclimatic variables on olive scab in spain author links open overlay panel joaquin romero a carlos agustibrisach a luis f. Establishment of a sensitive qpcr methodology for detection. Request pdf biological control of spilocaea oleagina, the causal agent of olive leaf spot. Biological control of spilocaea oleagina, the causal agent of olive. Over the past few years, intelligent spaces iss have received the attention of many wireless sensor network researchers. Olive scab caused by the mitosporic fungus spilocaea oleagina is the most important foliar.
Epidemiology of leaf spot of olive tree caused by spilocaea. Olive leaf spot ols is found in many parts of the world and cause readuced growth and yield in olive trees. Principles of field biology and ecology new york et al mcgrawhill, 1958, by allen h. Its twostep budflowering induction is a complex longlasting process fabbri and benelli, 2000. Investigations were carried out during october 2011 and october 2012, to determine the latent incidence and severity of ols. Shops refuse of any discrepancy in the assessment and receive books. Spilocaea oleagina in olive groves of southern spain. Ecology, epidemiology, and evolution of parasitism in daphnia, by dieter ebert illustrated html and pdf at nih filed under. Olive leaf spot ols caused by the fungus spilocaea oleagina cast. Relative to the substantial research that has been conducted on v. Olive leaf spot ols or peacock disease is one of the most destructive diseases on olive trees in many parts of the world.
A distinguished set of contributors provide stateoftheart summaries of the most recent advances in bryology, with rich citation of the current literature. Although venturia inaequalis is considered a model species in plant pathology, other venturia spp. Morphological and histochemical investigation of the response of olea europaea leaves to fungal attack by spilocaea oleagina. See the best books of 2019 browse the amazon editors picks for the best books of 2019, featuring our favorite reads in more than a dozen categories. After all the old books but also look more old books more understanding. Survival, inoculum production, and dispersal december 20, volume 97, number 12 pages 1,549 1,556. Sep 19, 2017 spilocaea oleagina in olive groves of southern spain. Application of leaf extracts of ambrosia artemisiifolia to control.
The formation of tyloses and aggregates contributed to. The disease is controlled by application of coppercontaining fungicides prior to winter rains. Evaluation of the incidence and severity of olive leaf. Request the fulltext directly from the author on researchgate. Wiesman z, ronen a, ankarion y, novikov v, maranz s, chapagain bp, abramovich z. Identification the conidia and conidiophores that are formed on the leaf spots, can be observed under the optical microscope. Biological control of peacock spot disease caused by spilocaea. Application of leaf extracts of ambrosia artemisiifolia to.
Further growth by radiating mycelia, composed of branched hyaline, septate hyphae, expand to form round, flat submerged colonies between the outermost portions of the epidermal cell wall and the cuticular layer. Spilocaea oleagina is mediated by the synthesis of phenolic compounds. Reviewed in the united states on september 22, 2010. The young leaves developed significantly p old leaves fig. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. The mycelium typically develops on the leaf tissue. Detached leaves of five ages 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 weeks after emergence, six different temperatures 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30c, eight wetness periods 0, 6, 9, 12, 18, 24, 36 and 48 h, and three rh levels 60. Oss was evaluated in 92 epidemic events, which occurred in 14 locations in the andalusia region southern spain for 16 years. Iannotta and monardo 2004 observed that both percentage of the number of leaves infected and surface occupied on leaves by the symptoms of the disease are significantly different in observed cultivars. The disease affects trees throughout the growing season and can cause significant losses in yield. Field models for the prediction of leaf infection and.
This plant disease commonly affects the leaves of olive trees worldwide. Roca a juan moral a b elisa gonzalezdominguez c vittorio rossi c antonio trapero a. Pdf evaluation of the incidence and severity of olive. Biological control of spilocaea oleagina, the causal agent of olive leaf spot disease, using antagonistic bacteria. Abstract olive leaf spot caused by the fungus, spilocaea oleagina, is the most important leaf disease of olives in many olivegrowing regions worldwide with yield losses of up to 20%. Silicon reduces the incidence of venturia oleaginea. Biologyandepidemiologyof venturia speciesaffectingfruit. See which library the book is located in, and what section. Leaf infection is through the cuticle, which is pierced and enzymatically degraded by the hyphae.
Olea europaea, spilocaea oleagina, chemical control, strobylurin. Organized into five chapters, this book begins with the discussion on the diseasecausing viruses, rickettsiae, bacteria, and fungi afflicting crustaceans. The olivetree biology in general and bioproduction in particular reproductive biology exhibits the peculiarity of alternate bearing, as we have described linked to nutrition metabolism turktas et al, 20 and microrna mirna yanik et al, 20. Phylogeny of the fungus spilocaea oleagina, the causal agent. Pdf survey of spilocaea oleagina, causal agent of olive leaf spot. The three drill shops intentions are the actual photos facsims prevail. Peacock leaf spot, caused by the fungus spilocaea oleagina, is among the most common fungal diseases in olive. Biology olive leaf spot ols caused by the fungus spilocaea oleagina cast. Distinguished arab scientist arab fund fellowship program. The formation of tyloses and aggregates contributed to obstruction of the xylem. Factors affecting infection and disease development on olive leaves inoculated with fusicladium oleagineum. Olive trees are susceptible to several pathogens that may affect the yield and quality of their products with important economic impact, such as diseases causes by fungi i. Peacock spot disease caused by spilocaea oleagina on olive using bacteria 20002002. A polynomial equation with linear term of leaf age was developed to describe the effect of leaf age on conidium germination.
Kresoximmethyl stroby wg, basf, a new strobilurinbased fungicide was tested for its activity on the germination of conidia of a population of spilocaea oleagina, obtained from naturally infected leaves in southern spain. Investigations were carried out during october 2011 and october 2012, to determine the latent. To facilitate prompt recognition brief descriptions in the form of a diagnostic key are given of the external symptoms of the principal diseases of the olive, recommendations for control being indicated. Spilocaea oleaginea is a deuteromycete fungal plant pathogen, the cause of the disease olive peacock spot, also known as olive leaf spot and birds eye spot. Mazen salman this thesis was submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the.
Genetic variation in spilocaea oleagina populations from. Spilocaea oleagina in olive groves of southern spain aps journals. It causes leaf abscission and, eventually, whole tree weakness, resulting in a subsequent loss in crop yield. However, little attention has been paid to integrating fuzzy rulebased systems into collaborative wireless sensor networks for the purpose of. The disease is caused by the fungus spilocaea oleagina and can reduce the growth and yield of olive trees olea eurapaea l. Leaf diseases detected were olive leaf spot spilocaea oleagina and cercospora leaf mould pseudocercospora cercosporamycocentrospora cladosporioides. If the sexual stage exists and is discovered, it will belong to the genus venturia. Spilocaea oleagina is a deuteromycete because it has no known sexual stage. Aug 23, 2015 selection file type icon file name description size revision time user.
Xylem ultrastructural modification and the possible participation of phenolic compounds in the natural defense or resistance mechanisms of olive plants infected with verticillium dahliae kleb. Media in category spilocaea oleaginea the following 2 files are in this category, out of 2 total. Concepts of botany algae pdf 21p this note contains explanation of algae, structure of alage and its classification. In recent years there has been an increasing emphasis on investigations concerning the ultrastructure, reproductive biology, ecology, morphogenesis, physiology, biochemistry and related aspects of bryophytes. Spore discharge by the pecan scab pathogen, cladosporium carygenum. Recently, several studies have been devoted to identify their common capacities and to set up iss over these networks. Application of leaf extracts of ambrosia artemisiifolia to control spilocaea oleagina the causal agent of olive leaf spot disease on olive trees. Phylogeny of the fungus spilocaea oleagina, the causal. In order to get insight, an in vitro culture of the fungus has been established and its identity confirmed by amplified fragment length polymorphism analysis. As a realworld application of this architecture and the proposed methodologies, we show an application to the problem of modeling two plagues of the olive tree. The study of bryophytes is no longer confined to their morphology, anatomy, lifehistory, and phylogenetic considerations. Losses arise mostly from defoliation of severely infected trees, with consequently reduced yield.
Find all the books, read about the author, and more. Synoptic survey of the principal fungal diseases of the olive. It consisted of the 454 pyrosequencing of the fungal its2 region and the subsequent phylogenetic analysis of relevant genera along with validated. Assignment to these genera depends on the morphology of the conidiogenous cells. Temperature and leaf wetness period had significant p 0005 effects on ols severity. These cells are sympodial in fusicladium and percurrent in pollaccia and spilocaea hughes, 1953.
Its causal agent, formerly spilocaea oleaginea, syn. Temperature significantly p spilocaea oleagina particularly when the disease is well developed. Sara larki, mohammad hosein razi jalali, saeed goodarzi. Latent infection of olive leaf spot disease on palestinian olives. An account is given of major olive diseases caused by bacteria pseudomonas savastanoi fungi, leaf spot spilocaea oleagina, cercosporiosis mycocentrospora cladosporioides, anthracnose colletotrichum gloeosporioides, verticillium wilt verticillium dahliae, phytophthorainduced rots, and intracellular pathogens viruses and phytoplasmas. Pessl instruments olive scab or leaf spot, spilocaea. Fusicladium oleagineum, the fungal causal agent of olive. Pessl instruments olive scab or leaf spot, spilocaea oleagina. Limited information is available on pathogen survival and disease epidemiology. Fusicladium oleagineum, the fungal causal agent of olive leaf. A longterm study on the effect of agroclimatic variables on. Cycloconium oleagineum, was recently assigned to fusicladium oleagineum on the basis of morphological.
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